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Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)

Tue, 09 May 2023

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1.Microscopic Theory of Nonlinear Hall Effect Induced by Electric Field and Temperature Gradient

Authors:Terufumi Yamaguchi, Kazuki Nakazawa, Ai Yamakage

Abstract: Electric current flows parallel to the outer product of an applied electric field and temperature gradient, a phenomenon we call the nonlinear chiral thermo-electric (NCTE) Hall effect. We present a general microscopic formulation of this effect and demonstrate its existence in a chiral crystal. We show that the contribution of the orbital magnetic moment, which has been previously overlooked, is just as significant as the conventional Berry curvature dipole term. Furthermore, we demonstrate a substantial NCTE Hall effect in a chiral Weyl semimetal. These findings offer new insights into nonlinear transport phenomena and have significant implications for the field of condensed matter physics.

2.Dispersive readout of a silicon quantum device using an atomic force microscope-based rf gate sensor

Authors:Artem O. Denisov, Gordian Fuchs, Seong W. Oh, Jason R. Petta

Abstract: We demonstrate dispersive charge sensing of Si/SiGe single and double quantum dots (DQD) by coupling sub-micron floating gates to a radio frequency reflectometry (rf-reflectometry) circuit using the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM). Charge stability diagrams are obtained in the phase response of the reflected rf signal. We demonstrate single-electron dot-to-lead and dot-to-dot charge transitions with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 2 and integration time of $\tau~=~2.7~\mathrm{ms}$ and $\tau~=~6.4~\mathrm{ms}$, respectively. The charge sensing SNR compares favorably with results obtained on conventional devices. Moreover, the small size of the floating gates largely eliminates the coupling to parasitic charge traps that can complicate the interpretation of the dispersive charge sensing data.

3.Thermoelectric phenomena in an antiferromagnetic helix: Role of electric field

Authors:Kallol Mondal, Sudin Ganguly, Santanu K. Maiti

Abstract: The charge and spin-dependent thermoelectric responses are investigated on a single-helical molecule possessing a collinear antiferromagnetic spin arrangement with zero net magnetization in the presence of a transverse electric field. Both the short and long-range hopping scenarios are considered, which mimic biological systems like single-stranded DNA and $\alpha$-protein molecules. A non-equilibrium Green's function formalism is employed following the Landauer-Buttiker prescription to study the thermoelectric phenomena. The detailed dependence of the basic thermoelectric quantities on helicity, electric field, temperature etc., are elaborated on, and the underlying physics is explained accordingly. The charge and spin \textit{figure of merits} are computed and compared critically. For a more accurate estimation, the phononic contribution towards thermal conductance is also included. The present proposition shows a favorable spin-dependent thermoelectric response compared to the charge counterpart.

4.Direct Measurement of A Spatially Varying Thermal Bath Using Brownian Motion

Authors:Ravid Shaniv, Chris Reetz, Cindy A. Regal

Abstract: Micro-mechanical resonator performance is fundamentally limited by the coupling to a thermal environment. The magnitude of this thermodynamical effect is typically considered in accordance with a physical temperature, assumed to be uniform across the resonator's physical span. However, in some circumstances, e.g. quantum optomechanics or interferometric gravitational wave detection, the temperature of the resonator may not be uniform, resulting in the resonator being thermally linked to a spatially varying thermal bath. In this case, the link of a mode of interest to its thermal environment is less straightforward to understand. Here, we engineer a distributed bath on a germane optomechanical platform -- a phononic crystal -- and utilize both highly localized and extended resonator modes to probe the spatially varying bath in entirely different bath regimes. As a result, we observe striking differences in the modes' Brownian motion magnitude. From these measurements we are able to reconstruct the local temperature map across our resonator and measure nanoscale effects on thermal conductivity and radiative cooling. Our work explains some thermal phenomena encountered in optomechanical experiments, e.g. mode-dependent heating due to light absorption. Moreover, our work generalizes the typical figure of merit quantifying the coupling of a resonator mode to its thermal environment from the mechanical dissipation to the overlap between the local dissipation and the local temperature throughout the resonator. This added understanding identifies design principles that can be applied to performance of micro-mechanical resonators.