Lin, T.; Ding, W.; Zhang, D.; Yang, Y.; Li, F.; Xu, D.; Lovley, D. R.; Song, H.

The physiological role of Geobacter sulfurreducens extracellular cytochrome filaments is a matter of debate and the development of proposed electronic device applications of cytochrome filaments awaits methods for large-scale cytochrome nanowire production. Functional studies in Geobacter sulfurreducens are stymied by the broad diversity of redox-active proteins on the outer cell surface and the redundancy and plasticity of extracellular electron transport routes. G. sulfurreducens is a poor chassis for producing cytochrome nanowires for electronics because of its slow, anaerobic growth. Here we report that filaments of the G. sulfurreducens cytochrome OmcS can be heterologously expressed in Shewanella oneidensis. Multiple lines of evidence demonstrated that a strain of S. oneidensis, expressing the G. sulfurreducens OmcS gene on a plasmid, localized OmcS on the outer cell surface. Atomic force microscopy revealed filaments with the unique morphology of OmcS filaments emanating from cells. Electron transfer to OmcS appeared to require a functional outer-membrane porin-cytochrome conduit. The results suggest that S. oneidensis, which grows rapidly to high culture densities under aerobic conditions, may be a suitable for development of a chassis for producing cytochrome nanowires for electronics applications and may also be good model microbe for elucidating cytochrome filament function in anaerobic extracellular electron transfer.