Jung, T.; Zeng, N.; Fabbri, J. D.; Eichler, G.; Li, Z.; Willeke, K.; Wingel, K. E.; Dubey, A.; Huq, R.; Sharma, M.; Hu, Y.; Ramakrishnan, G.; Tien, K.; Mantovani, P.; Parihar, A.; Yin, H.; Oswalt, D.; Misdorp, A.; Uguz, I.; Shinn, T.; Rodriguez, G. J.; Nealley, C.; Gonzales, I.; Roukes, M.; Knecht, J.; Yoshor, D.; Canoll, P.; Spinazzi, E.; Carloni, L. P.; Pesaran, B.; Patel, S.; Youngerman, B.; Cotton, R. J.; Tolias, A.; Shepard, K. L.

Minimally invasive, high-bandwidth brain-computer-interface (BCI) devices can revolutionize human applications. With orders-of-magnitude improvements in volumetric efficiency over other BCI technologies, we developed a 50-m-thick, mechanically flexible micro-electrocorticography (ECoG) BCI, integrating 256x256 electrodes, signal processing, data telemetry, and wireless powering on a single complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) substrate containing 65,536 recording and 16,384 stimulation channels, from which we can simultaneously record up to 1024 channels at a given time. Fully implanted below the dura, our chip is wirelessly powered, communicating bi-directionally with an external relay station outside the body. We demonstrated chronic, reliable recordings for up to two weeks in pigs and up to two months in behaving non-human primates from somatosensory, motor, and visual cortices, decoding brain signals at high spatiotemporal resolution.