Prospects for PBR detection of KM3-230213A-like events

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Prospects for PBR detection of KM3-230213A-like events

Authors

Angela V. Olinto for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, Luis A. Anchordoqui for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, Austin Cummings for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, Johannes Eser for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, Diksha Garg for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, Claire Guépin for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, Tobias Heibges for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, John F. Krizmanic for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, Thomas C. Paul for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, Karem Peñaló Castillo for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, Mary Hall Reno for the JEM-EUSO collaboration, Tonia M. Venters for the JEM-EUSO collaboration

Abstract

POEMMA-Balloon with Radio (PBR) is a scaled-down version of the Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA) design, optimized to be flown as a payload on one of NASA's sub-orbital super pressure balloons circling the Earth above the southern oceans for a mission duration of more than 20 days. One of the main science objectives of PBR is to follow up astrophysical event alerts in search of neutrinos with very high energy ($10^8 \lesssim E_\nu /{\rm GeV} \lesssim 10^{10}$). Of particular interest for anticipated PBR observations, the KM3NeT Collaboration has recently reported the detection of the neutrino KM3-230213A with $10^{8.1} \lesssim E_\nu/{\rm GeV} \lesssim 10^{8.9}$. Such an unprecedented event is in tension with upper limits on the cosmic neutrino flux from IceCube and the Pierre Auger Observatory: for a diffuse isotropic neutrino flux there is a $3.5\sigma$ tension between KM3NeT and IceCube measurements, and about $2.6\sigma$ if the neutrino flux originates in transient sources. Therefore, if KM3-230213A was not beginner's luck, it becomes compelling to consider beyond Standard Model (BSM) possibilities which could lead to a signal at KM3NeT-ARCA but not at IceCube/Auger. We calculate the PBR horizon-range sensitivity to probe BSM physics compatible with observation at KM3NeT-ARCA and non-observation at IceCube/Auger. As an illustration, we consider a particular class of BSM physics models which has been described in the literature as a possible explanation of KM3-230213A.

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